![]() Our findings suggest that special school field experiences can contribute toward disrupting hegemonic beliefs about the nature, purpose, and value of PE, and allow prospective teachers to develop more critical, diverse, and nuanced understandings of PE, which may be crucial for providing more inclusive PE experiences for pupils with SEND in both special and mainstream settings. ![]() Focus group audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically. Twenty-six prospective teachers from England participated in focus groups prior to and after placement in a special school. Antonio Gramsci’s concept of cultural hegemony was used in this research to explore the influence of a special school placement on prospective teachers’ beliefs about the nature, purpose, and value of physical education (PE) for pupils with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND). School–based placements have been identified as important for personal and professional development, supporting prospective teachers to critically (re)consider and disrupt normative and ableist practices. Ultimately, the thesis also makes a plea to the degrowth discourse to take charge of research on economic organisations in connection to degrowth to ensure counter-hegemonic alignment. ![]() Proposed to create degrowth aligned networks of economic organisations that could further help to ensure counter-hegemonic reproduction. The thesis highlights that such an alignment might only be achieved and ensured by keeping a relatively small organisational membership. These economic organisations require a strong alignment with degrowth counter-hegemony in their decision premises, particularly cognitive routine (the conceptualisation of the organisations system environment). ![]() The thesis’ empirical findings show thatĮconomic organisations (on the example of commons-based peer production organisations) can align with degrowth through awareness of the afore mentioned contradiction and aiming to overcome it. This theoretical investigation highlights that organisational social systems aligned with degrowth counter-hegemony face a paradox in having to embrace uncertainty in their social systemic reproduction. The resulting contradiction of aligning with an alternative mode of production is further unfolded using Luhmann’s social systems theory together with the concept of counter-hegemony. The thesis finds that economic organisations must operate in line with a mode of production that can fit degrowth (such as commons-based peer production) and aim to shape society’s superstructure to help enable a degrowth transition. The thesis makes use of Gramsci’s conceptualisation of hegemony and counter-hegemony to define degrowth as a counter-hegemony seeking to overcome the capitalist hegemony. The thesis seeks to contribute to the degrowth discourse by filling part of this research gap by researching the role of economic organisations in achieving degrowth and the resulting implications for these organisations. This thesis identifies a research gap on the role of economic organisations in connection to degrowth and problematises that past research fails to view economic organisations as encompassed by capitalist structures.
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